本文中介绍前几个序列函数，NTILE,ROW_NUMBER,RANK,DENSE_RANK，下面会一一解释各自的用途。
Hive版本为 apache-hive-0.13.1
注意： 序列函数不支持WINDOW子句。（什么是WINDOW子句，点此查看前面的文章 ）
数据准备：
cookie1,2015-04-10,1 cookie1,2015-04-11,5 cookie1,2015-04-12,7 cookie1,2015-04-13,3 cookie1,2015-04-14,2 cookie1,2015-04-15,4 cookie1,2015-04-16,4 cookie2,2015-04-10,2 cookie2,2015-04-11,3 cookie2,2015-04-12,5 cookie2,2015-04-13,6 cookie2,2015-04-14,3 cookie2,2015-04-15,9 cookie2,2015-04-16,7 CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE lxw1234 ( cookieid string, createtime string, --day pv INT ) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' stored as textfile location '/tmp/lxw11/'; DESC lxw1234; cookieid STRING createtime STRING pv INT hive> select * from lxw1234; OK cookie1 2015-04-10 1 cookie1 2015-04-11 5 cookie1 2015-04-12 7 cookie1 2015-04-13 3 cookie1 2015-04-14 2 cookie1 2015-04-15 4 cookie1 2015-04-16 4 cookie2 2015-04-10 2 cookie2 2015-04-11 3 cookie2 2015-04-12 5 cookie2 2015-04-13 6 cookie2 2015-04-14 3 cookie2 2015-04-15 9 cookie2 2015-04-16 7
NTILE
NTILE(n)，用于将分组数据按照顺序切分成n片，返回当前切片值
NTILE不支持ROWS BETWEEN，比如 NTILE(2) OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY createtime ROWS BETWEEN 3 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW)
如果切片不均匀，默认增加第一个切片的分布
SELECT cookieid, createtime, pv, NTILE(2) OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY createtime) AS rn1, --分组内将数据分成2片 NTILE(3) OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY createtime) AS rn2, --分组内将数据分成3片 NTILE(4) OVER(ORDER BY createtime) AS rn3 --将所有数据分成4片 FROM lxw1234 ORDER BY cookieid,createtime; cookieid day pv rn1 rn2 rn3 ------------------------------------------------- cookie1 2015-04-10 1 1 1 1 cookie1 2015-04-11 5 1 1 1 cookie1 2015-04-12 7 1 1 2 cookie1 2015-04-13 3 1 2 2 cookie1 2015-04-14 2 2 2 3 cookie1 2015-04-15 4 2 3 3 cookie1 2015-04-16 4 2 3 4 cookie2 2015-04-10 2 1 1 1 cookie2 2015-04-11 3 1 1 1 cookie2 2015-04-12 5 1 1 2 cookie2 2015-04-13 6 1 2 2 cookie2 2015-04-14 3 2 2 3 cookie2 2015-04-15 9 2 3 4 cookie2 2015-04-16 7 2 3 4
–比如，统计一个cookie，pv数最多的前1/3的天
SELECT cookieid, createtime, pv, NTILE(3) OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv DESC) AS rn FROM lxw1234; --rn = 1 的记录，就是我们想要的结果 cookieid day pv rn ---------------------------------- cookie1 2015-04-12 7 1 cookie1 2015-04-11 5 1 cookie1 2015-04-15 4 1 cookie1 2015-04-16 4 2 cookie1 2015-04-13 3 2 cookie1 2015-04-14 2 3 cookie1 2015-04-10 1 3 cookie2 2015-04-15 9 1 cookie2 2015-04-16 7 1 cookie2 2015-04-13 6 1 cookie2 2015-04-12 5 2 cookie2 2015-04-14 3 2 cookie2 2015-04-11 3 3 cookie2 2015-04-10 2 3
ROW_NUMBER
ROW_NUMBER() –从1开始，按照顺序，生成分组内记录的序列
–比如，按照pv降序排列，生成分组内每天的pv名次
ROW_NUMBER() 的应用场景非常多，再比如，获取分组内排序第一的记录;获取一个session中的第一条refer等。
SELECT cookieid, createtime, pv, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv desc) AS rn FROM lxw1234; cookieid day pv rn ------------------------------------------- cookie1 2015-04-12 7 1 cookie1 2015-04-11 5 2 cookie1 2015-04-15 4 3 cookie1 2015-04-16 4 4 cookie1 2015-04-13 3 5 cookie1 2015-04-14 2 6 cookie1 2015-04-10 1 7 cookie2 2015-04-15 9 1 cookie2 2015-04-16 7 2 cookie2 2015-04-13 6 3 cookie2 2015-04-12 5 4 cookie2 2015-04-14 3 5 cookie2 2015-04-11 3 6 cookie2 2015-04-10 2 7
RANK 和 DENSE_RANK
—RANK() 生成数据项在分组中的排名，排名相等会在名次中留下空位
—DENSE_RANK() 生成数据项在分组中的排名，排名相等会在名次中不会留下空位
SELECT cookieid, createtime, pv, RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv desc) AS rn1, DENSE_RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv desc) AS rn2, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY cookieid ORDER BY pv DESC) AS rn3 FROM lxw1234 WHERE cookieid = 'cookie1'; cookieid day pv rn1 rn2 rn3 -------------------------------------------------- cookie1 2015-04-12 7 1 1 1 cookie1 2015-04-11 5 2 2 2 cookie1 2015-04-15 4 3 3 3 cookie1 2015-04-16 4 3 3 4 cookie1 2015-04-13 3 5 4 5 cookie1 2015-04-14 2 6 5 6 cookie1 2015-04-10 1 7 6 7 rn1: 15号和16号并列第3, 13号排第5 rn2: 15号和16号并列第3, 13号排第4 rn3: 如果相等，则按记录值排序，生成唯一的次序，如果所有记录值都相等，或许会随机排吧。
点此查看所有Hive窗口分析函数的文章
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